MAGNA CARTA

URAL-ALTAİC LANGUAGES

Gerunds

The Infinitive

Present Simple Present

Present Continuous

Past Simple Past

Past Continuous

Present Perfect Simple

Present Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Simple

Past Perfect Continuous

Future Using the Simple Present

Using the Present Continuous

Using the Present Perfect Simple

Using the Present Perfect Continuous

Using going to

Using shall/will

*SİMPLE PRESENT TENSE
*FREQUENCY ADVERB WİTH PRESENT SİMPLE
*PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
*THE SIMPLE PRESENT
*PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE (FUTURE)
*SİMPLE PAST TENSE (TO BE)
*SİMPLE PAST TENSE (DİD)
*PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Örnekler:

1. He didn’t say a single world afternoon. 4.We lived in Ankara for five years.

2. Did I not eat? 5.When did he come to Turkey?

3.The baby cried for half an hour. 6.What time did the meeting begin?

The present perfect simple is have/ has + past participle.The past participle often ends in –ed ( finished / decided etc.) ,but many important verbs are irregular ( lost/done/been/written )

When we use present perfect there is always a connection with now.The action in the past has a result now:
- ‘Where is your key? ‘ I don’t know. I have lost it.’ ( I haven’t got it now.)

- he told me his name but I have forgotten it. ( I can’t remember it now)

-‘ Is Sally here? ‘ ‘ No,she has gone out.’ ( She is out now. )

- I can’t find my bag. Have you seen it? (Do you know where it is now? )

We often use the present perfect to give new information or to announce a recent happening:

1. Konuşma anında meydana gelen olayları anlatır.

- I am cooking the meal now.
Şimdi yemeği pişiriyorum.

- She is singing a song at the moment.
(O) şu anda şarkı söylüyor.

2. Belli bir süre için tekrarlanmak olanveya yinelemekte olan bir eylemi anlatır.

We are studying a lot thse days because we’ll take an exam next Friday.
Bu günlerde çok çalışıyoruz çünkü gelecek Cuma sınav alacağız.

John is stayink with his friend this week.
John bu hafta arkadaşıyla kalıyor.

3. Yinelen bir işin diğer bir işten daha önce başladığını ifade eder.

They stop talking if the teacher is shouting at them.
Eğer öğretmen onlara bağırıyorsa, konuşmayı bırakırlar.

4. Konuşan kişinin kararlı olduğunu gösterir.

I am not accepting it.
Onu kabul ediyorum.

He isn’t helping us.
Bize yardım etmiyor.

5. Gelecek zaman ifadeleriyle kullanılabilir.

W e are taking a trip tomorrow.
Yarın seyahata çıkıyoruz.

PRESENT CONTİNUOUS TENSE
Form:
I + am + V ing + Zaman Zarfı
Fonksiyonları:
1-) Konuşma anında olan olaylar
2-) Geçici durumlar
3-) Bu sıralarda meydana gelen olaylar için kullanılır.
"Now, at the moment, today, the time being" gibi bağlaçlarla kullanılabilir.
Non Continuous Verbs
İngilizcede bir grup fiil içinde continuous kelimesi geçen hiçbir tens'te kullanılamaz.Bunun yerine simple tensleri tercih ederiz.
Bu fiillerin kategorileri şunlardır:
1-) Akıl ve mantıkla ilgili fiiller
"believe, know, remember, forget" gibi fiillerdir.
2-) istek ve beğeni ifade eden fiiller
"want, wish, like, love" gibi fiilerdir
3-) Sahiplik ifade eden fiiller
"have, belong to, own" gibi fiillerdir

THE WIZARD OF OZ
Dorothy lived in a small house in Kansas, with Uncle Herny, Aunt Em and a little black dog Toto
One day Uncle Henry came out and looked up at the sky. Than he ran quickly black into the house. “There’s a cyclone coming” he called to Aunt Em and Dorothy. “We must go down into the cellar!” They ran to the door of the cellar , but Toto was afraid and he ran under the bed. Dorothy picked up Toto and ran to the cellar door. But before she got there the cyclone hit the house. The house moved and then it went slowly up, up, up into the sky. The wint blev the house along for many hours.
When Dorothy opened her eyes again, the house was on the ground and everything was quiet. She picked up Toto, opened the door and went out. They saw three very short men and a little old woman. The woman wolked up to Dorothy and said

THE LOCKED ROOM

“Where am I?” Said the man.
He don’t know. He is in a beautiful room in am old house.
He can’t see anything from the window. Only a green field.
“Why am I here?” said the man.
He don’t know. His head is hurting. He can’t open the door and He can’t open the window. He said that, I’m hungry and I’m thirsty. There isn’t any food in the room. There isn’t any thing on the paper.
“Who am I?” said the man
He said that, I can’t remember. I can’t remember my name. I can’t remember anything.
His head hurts a lot. He think i am very tired and he go to sleep.
In the morning. He’s on the bed. He’s wearing the grey clothes.
He said that, I’m very hungry and very thirsty. I can her music again. It’s Mozart again. He’s in the room. He’s wearing black trousers and black shirt. I don’t know him. Said the man.
The man said to him. Hello, How’s your head.
He answered. My head? It’s Ok. İt doesn’t hurt now.
Man – Good
He – Where am I. Said
“What time is it?” He said that. My head’s hurting again. I’m on the bed and the room is dark

THALES



Thales is the father of ancient Greek philosophy insofar as he was the first that raised the point that a material substance explains all the natural phenomena. He was born about 624 BCE in Miletus and he considered the founder of the Ionian School, also called the Milesian school. Thales was an avid traveler as Hieronymus of Rhodes indicates in his report that Thales measured the pyramids by their shadow, having observed the time when our shadow is equal to our height. For the ancient Greek Sages of the sixth-century (for example Solon, see Timaeus) it was a custom to visit Egypt and studding the traditional fountain-head. Proclus, in Euclidem, mentions that "Thales left Egypt and went to Greece to further his study of geometry"(1). Thales was regarded as one of the "Seven Sages" of ancient Greece. He died at an old age when watching athletic matches due to heat exhaustion. The inscription on his tomb is: Here in a narrow tomb great Thales lies; Yet his renown for wisdom reached the skies.(1)
[The Water As The First Principle]
Thales was the first Greek philosopher to speculate about the primary material element of all beings and cosmic phenomena, which he identified as water. The importance of water in life and nature was probably the principal reason that made Thales came to this conclusion. In Orphic mythology and cosmogony we find Water and Earth as one of the first cosmic elements of the Cosmos creation. Damascius in "de principiis" notes that "The Orphic Theology which is said to be according to Hieronymus and Hellanicus (if indeed he is not the same man) is as follows: water existed from the beginning, and is the matter from which earth was solidified."(1) Water, Air, Fire or any other principle was for the Presocratics the root of life, soul and generally the power of the living nature. This power the ancient Greeks called Fiesthe.

Television has a bad influence on children.

Over the past forty years, television sets have become standard pieces of equipment in most homes, and watching television has become a standard activity for most families. Children in many countries grow up watching television in the morning, in the afternoon, and often in the evening as well. Although there are many excellent programmes for children, many people feel that television may not be good for children). In my view, television can be a bad influence on children for a number of reasons.
First of all, some programmes are not good for children to see. For example, there are now numerous police stories on television which contain a lot of violent scenes; people are killed with guns, knives, and even cars. Some children might think that these things could happen to them at any time. Therefore, they can become frightened.

UNFORGETABLE EVENT

It was cold and frosty morning. Ali was new in İstanbul. He had left from his village with his mother. His dad was died ten years ago. He didn’t want to leave from his mother because she was very old. She is about seventy years old. At the moment she is bad and and small hotel. Ali is twenty years old. He finished a university to be a lawyer. He hasn’t got a job yet. He must open an office but it comes very expensive. He sold his house and field at the village but his money was not enough to open an office. So he decided to work in a small work to have money and open the office. But nobody gave him a job. He finished all his money. He didn’t want to office he has just wanted to live with his mother. İnstead of being a lawyer, a small job, like the repairing the cars was enough to him.